How to identify birds of prey
5 minute read
This ID guide tells you what features and behaviours to look out for when trying to identify a bird of prey.
Wing shape and length
For example, the Brahminy Kite exhibits broad, rounded wings with distinctly "fingered" tips, well-suited for soaring effortlessly over open water and land. Its moderate wing length of 34-50cm aids in maneuverability while hunting fish and other prey.
Wing position and angle
The White-bellied Sea Eagle holds its broad wings in a shallow "V" shape, often with the wingtips slightly upswept, allowing for stable soaring over coastal areas. The Eastern Osprey typically flies with its long, narrow wings held straight and level or with a noticeable bend at the "wrist," adapted for powerful flapping and diving for fish.
Tail length and shape
The Whistling Kite has a long rounded tail. The Black Kite has a slightly forked tail. Both kites like to twist and turn their tails to help them maneuvere while soaring and hunting.
Feather patterns
The Swamp Harrier often displays a striking combination of brown and grey plumage, with a characteristic white patch on the top of its tail/rump. The Spotted Harrier has no white patch, and lighter underparts heavily marked with reddish-brown spots and streaks.
Flying behaviour
If you see a bird hovering at the side of a road or track, it’s probably a Black-shouldered Kite or Nankeen Kestrel. Both look like they are hanging almost motionless in the air with rapid wingbeats before swooping down on prey.
Flying speed
The Peregrine Falcon is renowned for its incredible speed, especially during its spectacular stoop (a rapid dive) where it can reach up to 390km/h to strike prey in mid-air. Its powerful, streamlined body and pointed wings are perfectly adapted for this high-speed hunting technique.
Weekend Birder episodes
Learn more about birds in these short podcast episodes:
